The federal estate tax is a transfer tax. For a variety of revenue and social purposes, the federal government has long imposed a tax on an individual's right to transfer property to someone (or something) else. Property transferred during life is a gift, and is subject to potential gift taxes. Property transferred at death is subject to the estate tax. Both gift and estate taxes are collectively part of a transfer tax system. A third transfer tax, the generation-skipping transfer tax (GSTT), targets property transfers to grandchildren and other so-called "skip" beneficiaries.
(NOTE: It is the donor (not the recipient, or donee) that is responsible for payment of the transfer tax.)
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