Unless plan assets consist entirely of an insurance policy, ERISA requires that qualified retirement plan assets be held in trust. A trustee is appointed to oversee the financial integrity of the assets held within the trust.
In practice, the trustee usually assigns the administrative tasks of operating a qualified retirement plan to either a service administrator or a third-party administrator (TPA). The TPA may assume either a limited role or full service of the plan. However roles are assigned, the plan trustee has a fiduciary responsibility to the plan sponsor and participants to ensure the chosen administrator is fulfilling its role(s).
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